The Connection Between Culture And Learning - 934 Words

1. What is the connection between culture and learning? Provide an example from your own teaching or learning experiences. As educators we are responsible for teaching children from all races, ethnicity, and cultures. We are to tailor our instructions and lessons to fit the needs of the children. Pollock (2008) states that â€Å"Every individual participates in many cultures that affect, to varying degrees, how he or she â€Å"achieves† in school† (p. 370). All children learn differently and their cultural background can have an effect on their learning process. Goski (2014) stated â€Å"The most important skill for equity-literate teachers is the ability to recognize subtle and not-so-subtle biases and inequities† (para. 5). Educators need to be†¦show more content†¦371). I work with two and half year old children. They all come from a wide selection of ethnic groups and cultures. A few years ago I had a student who had moved to the United States from China. This particular student had a limited English vocabulary, so for the first few weeks we communicated through g estures and me physical showing this child what she needed to be doing. After a month of being immersed in her new school setting she started to come out of her shell and interact with her peers as well as the teacher. As I was going over notes from my observations of her I notice that she would always sit at the table until I gave her instructions on what to do. The other children in the class would move freely around the classroom picking which interest area they wanted to play in. Then it dawned on me that she was always taught to follow instruction by an adult. Her cultural background was to be obedient to adults and follow directions. I had to ask this child’s parent to let her know that it is ok to freely play in the classroom as well as follow directions. In my mind, I had already formed an opinion on how she learned based on her culture. Dunn, Dunn, Price (1989) noted â€Å"Only by examining each individual’s multidimensional characteristics, can we iden tify that person’s learning style† (as cited by Howe, 2012, p. 33). I had to think about her educational needs and find new ways to facilitate

The Six Most Common Forms of Anxiety Essay - 1069 Words

Everyday we experience anxiety. Normally, it’s the feeling you get right before a test, recital, or an interview, but sometimes and for some people it can be a whole lot worse. It can even result in terrible panic attacks that affect the way they live. Anxiety is defined as a general term for several disorders that cause nervousness, worrying,, and fear. Severe anxiety is the most common mental illness and affects 40 million people in the U.S. That’s about 18% of our population. We all get mild anxiety from time to time, but there are more severe cases, types, and forms to this illness. I will tell you about the type of anxiety that could be harmful to your everyday life. Today I will tell you about the types of anxiety, the different†¦show more content†¦People with this disorder are normally aware that they have OCD, but are still unable to control their fear. To get rid of their anxiety, they will clean obsessively and make sure everything is in place and o rderly. Posttraumatic Stress disorder or PTSD, is a very common anxiety disorder that a lot of people who have served in the military get this disorder. PTSD is a form of anxiety that results from a previous trauma like hostage situations and military combat. As a result, this disorder leads to flashbacks and behavioural changes in order to get rid of some of these causes. Panic Disorder is a type of anxiety that leads to severe panic attacks that cause dizziness, shaking, confusion, and nausea. These attacks normally last 10 minutes, but can last for hours. They can occur after a traumatic event or can be spontaneous. Normally after a person has one, they expect more, which can lead to drastic life changes. Extreme anxiety is a very serious mental illness that needs to be diagnosed and treated. We all get nervous in stressful situations, but what causes this disorder? Anxiety can be caused by numerous environmental and brain changes. Anxiety can be passed down through parents, but that is not very likely to happen. Anxiety is more likely to be triggered by a very traumatic event that causes extreme stress. An event like losing a loved one or changing schools can trigger the start of this disease. ThisShow MoreRelatedAll About Anxiety Essay788 Words   |  4 Pages The six most common forms of anxiety are Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Phobias, Social Anxiety Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Generalized Anxiety Disorder, or GAD, is characterized by excessive worries about nonspecific life events, objects, and situations. People with GAD often have trouble identifying that specific fear and controlling it. That said fear is often unreasonable and not in proportion with what is expected in a normal situationsRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Anxiety Disorders Essay1352 Words   |  6 Pages10 Sept 2016 Did you know that anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the U.S.? Affecting more than 40 million adults nationwide. Here is my next question. What exactly is a anxiety disorder? Anxiety is a mental illness that creates constant fear and worry which can be overwhelming or debilitating. There is a difference between normal, everyday anxiety and an actual anxiety disorder. Normal anxiety is caused by stress, usually this kind of anxiety can be helpful by motivating youRead MoreGeneralized Anxiety Disorder Is A Mental Disorder That1410 Words   |  6 PagesGeneralized anxiety disorder is a mental disorder that affects approximately four to five percent of the general population. This disorder can be illustrated by excessive anxiety and worry that lasts a minimum of six months and deals with various events or activities. People who struggle with this disorder have difficulties controlling their worry; this worry can permeate into every action or thought which leads to increased anxiety. Moreover, people with generalized anxiety disorder exhibit at leastRead MoreHow Anxiety Affects Student Performance1346 Words   |  6 PagesHow Anxiety Affects Student Performance Sloan E. Williams Greenville Technical College 10-18-16 â€Å"Surpassing even depression, anxiety is the most common form of mental illness in the United States. It’s estimated that approximately 10 percent of teenagers and 40 percent of adults suffer from an anxiety disorder of some kind† (11 Facts About Anxiety). Anxiety is a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome.You may feel worriedRead MoreFear And Angst Disorder ( Gad )931 Words   |  4 Pagesspecific, then it’s possible you have an anxiety disorder. While there are seven to eight different forms of anxiety disorders, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), which is an anxiety disorder in which one has constant, overwhelming anxiety over†¦ everything, and Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), which is an anxiety disorder where one has anxiety only over social situations (such as public speaking, parties, going to school or work, etc.) are the two most common. Despite the fact that they are o ften viewedRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy1111 Words   |  5 PagesThe most cost effective interventions for adults with anxiety disorder appears to be individual forms of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. The mean total societal costs were lower for Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as compared to Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (Apeldoorn et al, 2014). In particular, self-help books are cost effective compared with other forms of treatment options. Drugs and group based psychologicalRead MoreSeparation Anxiety : A Normal Part Of Childhood Development1463 Words   |  6 Pages Separation Anxiety often known as SAD refers to a developmental stage in which a child experiences anxiety due to separation from the primary caregiver (usually the mother). It is considered to be a normal part of childhood development. The normal stage occurs around eight months of age and can last up until the child is fourteen months old. Babies and toddlers are not the only ones that suffer from this disorder. When people would see children crying once their parents would hand them to someoneRead MoreGeneralized Anxiety Disorder1142 Words   |  5 PagesGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a disorder of shared self-reported symptoms. It goes with tension, uncontrollable worrying, sometimes muscle pain, trouble sleeping, and irritability that all together impair work ability, relations, and leisure activities. It is a common condition and there are psychological and pharmacological treatment options are available for anxiety disorders but not all patients respond to the same treatment as others. Finding a good treatment can take many months or sometimesRead MoreGeneralized Anxiety Disorder1632 Words   |  6 PagesGeneralized Anxiety Disorder Research Paper I choose to research Generalized Anxiety Disorder for my research topic. This disorder is one of the most arguably common faced encounters clinicians deal with today. Because of this I choose to focus much of my emphasis on the difficulties one face, that’s diagnosed with GAD and the hard ship of building and maintain a good client relationship. Generalized anxiety disorder begins at the onset of a worry and or tension that carries on into more severeRead MorePsychology Is The Study Of Human Behavior1447 Words   |  6 Pagesa great number of avenues to explore the mind. There are different types of psychology, both normal and abnormal as the overarching distinctions. There are also many disorders associated with abnormal behavior psychology such as schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, antisocial personality disorders, and borderline personality disorders. Of course, there are also many therapies from each respective perspective of psychology to treat these disorders as well. Normal psychology is the study of the behaviors

The Soothing Sensation That Is Bath Salts Free Essays

string(116) " room by the local police after they received multiple phone calls reporting an assailant breaking into their home\." The Soothing Sensation That is Bath Salts Introduction â€Å"Oh yeah, me and my girlfriend have a big bag of lavender bath salts sitting at home,† was the initial reaction when I asked a fellow engineer to portray as a testimonial for our borderline inappropriate bath salts infomercial. Contrary to popular belief, this new synthetic drug is far away from producing any effects that are similar to that of a relaxing bath. Until recently, bath salts were popularized to be a â€Å"legal high. We will write a custom essay sample on The Soothing Sensation That Is Bath Salts or any similar topic only for you Order Now In order to tip toe around the federal drug regulatory laws, bath salts were marked with a warning label that mentioned â€Å"not for human consumption. † In South Carolina, before the ban on October 24th 2011, bath salts could be purchased at one of the many head shops, gas stations, and even online. The appearance of the drug itself is usually in a powdered form that is sold within a package that is very aesthetically pleasing. These packages are sold under a variety of appealing names such as Ivory Wave, Vanilla Sky, Bliss, Blue Silk and etc. The composition of the synthetic drug bath salts can vary from dealer to dealer. Sometimes you may find traces of other stimulant drugs such as cocaine, amphetamines, or ecstasy, but the most important culprit in bath salts is 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). MDPV falls under the category of phenethylamines and it is structurally related to synthetic cathinones. Synthetic cathinones are a group of drugs that are derivatives of the natural plant Catha edulis (also known khat), that contain the chemical phenylalkylamine alkaloid (Coppola, 2011). The remainder of the paper will provide some of the current available information such as pharmacokinetics, neurophysiology, and a brief discussion about MDPV as the primary active ingredient in bath salts. Pharmacokinetics The routes of administration of bath salts are similar to that of drugs in the â€Å"salt† class. The most common method is insufflation which results in faster onset of the effects but does not have a long duration. There are also other routes of administration preferred by drug enthusiasts; these mechanisms include parietal injections, intravenously, â€Å"bombing,† and also rectal administration. The â€Å"bombing† method involves putting the salt crystals in to cigarette paper to form a capsule and then simply swallowing it. The rectal administration requires an individual to dissolve the salt crystals in a type of liquid vehicle (i. e. water) and then introduce the liquid to the rectum via the anus. The absorption of MDPV is primarily dependent on the route of administration. The nasal route obviously has the quickest absorption. On the other hand, the oral administration is absorbed poorly because when taken orally, the rate of absorption compares to that of cocaine. The metabolism of MDPV in the human liver occurs similarly to that of other synthetic cathinone. The process involves multiple steps and the last of which is where the catechol ring of MDPV is methylated by COMT (Prosser, 2011). COMT is one of several enzymes that are involved in the degradation of catecholamines (i. e. dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine). Finally, after the metabolism, the excretion of MDPV waste occurs through the urine of feces. Since there are no published, the duration of the effects of MDPV must be recorded with the word of mouth from experienced users. The drug effects start presenting themselves approximately 10-20 minutes after nasal administration and duration is close to 2. 5 hours. With oral administration, users report the effect to set in between 15-45 minutes after ingestion and the duration can last anywhere from 3-4 hours (in rare cases as much as 12 hrs) (Psychonaut, 2009). Neurophysiology As mentioned previously, due to the limited amount of available information for understanding the mechanism of physiological action of MDPV, the neurophysiology is theorized to have a similar mechanism to that of amphetamines and MDMA. This comparison is highly based on the structural similarities between amphetamines and synthetic cathinones (Prosser, 2011). The effects of amphetamines and their derivatives are produced by the three-fold effect on monoamine synapses. First, amphetamine-like drugs cause a leakage of neurotransmitters (NTs) from the presynaptic vesicles into the synaptic cleft. Second, they also increase the amount of NTs released in response to an action potential. Finally, there is an inhibition of monoamine reuptake from the synaptic cleft. As a result of the three-fold effect, there is an increase in concentration of NTs in the synaptic cleft which prolongs and enhances the effect of MDPV. Effects of MDPV on the Mind and Body Similar to most highly abused substances, MDPV has a laundry list of physical and psychological effects, including both desired and undesired. This data of effects is generated from first hand users and from the thousands of hospital admissions. With initial administration of MDPV, users can feel some desired effects that are not necessarily harmful (including but not limited to): increased energy, increased sociability, mild euphoria, increased concentration, sexual arousal (Coppola, 2011 Psychonaut 2009). Individuals that experience these non-harmful side effects are considered to be very lucky because on the other side of the coin are some very serious undesired psychoactive side effects. These undesired effects include extreme paranoia, delusional thinking, visual auditory hallucinations, self-mutilation, insomnia, violence, and restlessness (Prosser, 2011). Side effects of MDPV travels in pairs, if it affects the mind it will also have an effect on the body. Effects on the body include hypertension, tachycardia, chest pains, vasoconstriction, muscle twitches, bruxism, insomnia, and lack of appetite (Psychonaut, 2009). Currently, there is no effective treatment against MDPV overdose. The only method that is considered is to treat the physiological symptoms as they rise in order to prevent the individual from cause harm to themselves or others. To integrate all of the information I have provided in the paper thus far, I will present one of the many case studies that were published by medical doctors after this dramatic increase in hospital admissions as a consequence of MDPV psychosis. A 27-year-old female named J. H was brought to the emergency room by the local police after they received multiple phone calls reporting an assailant breaking into their home. You read "The Soothing Sensation That Is Bath Salts" in category "Essay examples" Upon arrival of the police, they were notified that there was a dead body in the hallway and that the homeowners were next for being killed. The police soon deduced that J. H. as suffering from paranoid delusions. In the emergency room, J. H. presented with hypertension, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and extreme fear but there were no sign of a physical disorder. When the results for her complete blood count, the comprehensive metabolic panel and the drug urine test returned completely unremar kable, she was transferred to the hospital’s psychiatric unit. The psychiatric staff recorded that she had a disorganized thought process, poor memory and was still convinced that she was in imminent danger. The only option for the doctors that was available was to start J. H. n treatment for Schizophrenia. The following day, her condition mildly improved and she was able to inform the doctors about the events that resulted with her being hospitalized. Apparently, she had a past history of opiate dependence, and one day, her and her boyfriend discovered bath salts, under the name of â€Å"Powdered Rush,† at a local head shop. They admitted to being on a binge period by insufflation for about five to six days prior to admission. The doctors concluded that paranoid psychosis from MDPV developed very much like that seen with methamphetamines and other psychostimulants. After three to four days of sleep deprivation, there was an onset of paranoid psychosis symptoms. She was released from the hospital a few days later after she was able to recover from sleep exhaustion (Antonowicz, 2011). Discussion As of November 2011, it was reported that there is currently no research that focuses on addiction and withdrawal related to synthetic cathinones (Prosser, 2011). This means that conclusions about MDPV related addiction, dependence, and withdrawal must be extrapolated from other drugs that are similar in structure and mechanism of action. As discussed previously, the mechanism of MDPV is by inhibiting the reuptake of catecholamines to produce strong stimulant effects. MDPV stimulates the ventral tegmental area to release more dopamine, which in turn will project to multiple areas of the brain: prefrontal cortex (PFC), nucleus accumbens (NAcc), and the hippocampus. All of these structures contribute to the conditioning and reinforcing behavior of MDPV. Since the reuptake of dopamine is inhibited, there is going to be an increase in the concentration of dopamine in the synaptic cleft. One can imagine the addictive, dependence, and tolerance properties of MDPV to be a combination of the properties of morphine, cocaine, and ecstasy. To elaborate, the pattern of administration of MDPV resembles to morphine because there is a slow increase in the dose over time required to acquire the necessary effect. Then the administration pattern of ecstasy also factors in because of cravings it causes. When an individual abuses ecstasy the serotonin will become scarce over time due to overstimulation. The low levels of serotonin will cause the individual to crave more ecstasy, but no amount of ecstasy will help. Similarly, the over production of MDPV causes the catecholamines to run low in supply and cause the addict to crave more. Finally, the other pattern that contributes to MDPV resembles the administration pattern of cocaine. The components of cocaine administration pattern that is relative to MDPV are the binge and exhaustion periods. Individuals will abuse MDPV for a period of time and due to sleep deprivation the individual will crash. In conclusion, when we integrate the three patterns together, the overall pattern of MDPV will show an increase in dose of administration until the individual either crashes from exhaustion or passes away due to an event that occurred in psychosis. When viewing the overall pattern of MDPV use, it is easy to see that majority of the time this drug can be extremely harmful. But, some users report that when MDPV is ingested at low doses, it produces a stimulant effect that is similar to methylphenidate. This glimpse of reported user experiences can make MDPV a candidate for ADD/ADHD treatment (Psychonaut, 2009). One of the factors that can increase the frequency of abuse of MDPV is the marketing of the bath salts themselves. The overall design and nomenclature that the bath salts are sold under are very aesthetically pleasing. Through personal experience, prior to the ban of bath salts, the price was very affordable when compared to the quality of effect (approximately $18 for 50 mg). Now after the federal ban, the price of some bath salts online range from $900 to $2200 for a large quantity. Many news reports suggest that there is a common misconception of harm when it comes to substances such as bath salts or other similar â€Å"legal† substances. Just because there are substances that seem to sneak around the drug regulations, they should be assumed as being safe. Statistics from the American Association of Poison Control Centers state that there were 1782 calls nationwide to poison centers about designer drugs labeled as â€Å"bath salts† just during the first four months of 2011. This was an exponential increase when compared to just 302 calls in all of 2010 (AAPCC). Mark Ryan, director of the Louisiana Poison Center, writes a quote for an article on Drugs. com that said: â€Å"If you ake the very worst effects of the illegal drugs LSD and Ecstasy with their hallucinogenic, delusional type properties, and combine them with the extreme agitation, superhuman strength and combativeness of PCP, as well as the stimulant properties of cocaine and methamphetamines, you have summarized the potential negative effects of bath salts use. † In conclusion, there has been a dramatic increase in the abuse of bath salts with the primary ingredient being MDPV. The current approach of gathering information for the mechanism of action of MDPV is mostly done by modulating the internet. Despite the lack of research on synthetic cathinones, individuals still take the risk to abuse MDPV. But based on similarities found between MDPV and other stimulants, we can theorize the mechanisms of action in the central nervous system. In my opinion, if you have not exposed yourself to MDPV it would be a wise decision to keep it that way because, metaphorically speaking, MDPV is like your girlfriend; it not only screws with your body but also your mind. 🙂 (I thought I would put a smiley face so that I can actually get to see it). References 1. American Association of Poison Control Centers. . Antonowicz, J. , Metzger, A. , Ramanujam, S. (2011). Paranoid psychosis induced by consumption of methylenedioxypyrovalerone: two cases. General Hospital Psychiatry, 33, 640. e5-640. e6. Retrieved December 4, 2011, from the SciVerse ScienceDirect database. 3. Coppola, M. , Mondola, R. (2011). 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV): Chemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of a new d esigner drug of abuse marketed online. Toxicology Letters, 208(1), 12-15. Retrieved December 4, 2011, from the ScienceDirect database. 4. Hallucinogens Legally Sold as ‘Bath Salts’ a New Threat – Drugs. om MedNews. (n. d. ). Drugs. com | Prescription Drug Information, Interactions Side Effects. Retrieved December 6, 2011, from http://www. drugs. com/news/hallucinogens-legally-sold-bath-salts-new-threat-2 9344. html 5. Prosser, J. , Nelson, L. (2011). The Toxicology of Bath Salts: A Review of Synthetic Cathinones. American College of Medical Toxicology, 7, 1-10. Retrieved December 4, 2011, from the SpringerLink database. 6. Psychonaut: Psychonaut WebMapping Research Group, MDPV Report, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK (2009). How to cite The Soothing Sensation That Is Bath Salts, Essay examples

Modern Managers Certain Skills Leadership †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Why Is An Understanding Of Paradox Important To Modern Managers? Answer: Introducation Modern mangers must be a leader first then be a manger in the organization. The modern managers should have certain skills of leadership which will take them and the organization to the height of efficiency and help the organization to run effectively. The leaders or the managers of the organization should have the quality to sense that what is happening in their environment. Managers are the directors of the organization who guide and direct others to achieve the organizational goals. The companies in the recent economic era are facing significant discontinuous changes with the changes in the market structure and consumer dealings. The leaders in this atmosphere need to be more flexible to meet the continuous changes in the market structure. Paradoxes are clear inconsistencies that in the beginning it seems to conflicting but looking into it closely and deeply they turn out to be simple and non-conflicting. Leaders should be open to overseeing many-sided quality, they comprehend that their destinations offer ascent to contending partner needs, as well as that they should accomplish their goals through the compelling administration of the pressures emerging from these necessities. Leaders can take a gander at circumstances from various focal points, distinctive perspectives and to comprehend their interdependencies. Complex issues must be comprehended and overseen through complex structures. Viable leaders comprehend associations as mind boggling versatile frameworks (Johnson, 2014). The Competing Values Framework rose up out of a progression of exact investigations on the idea of hierarchical adequacy. These endeavors were an endeavor to comprehend viability criteria. The study has found two measurements of adequacy. The primary measurement is identified with authoritative concentration, from an interior accentuation on individuals in the association to an outside concentration of the association itself. The second measurement speaks to the difference amongst soundness and control and adaptability and change. The Competing Values Framework got its name on the grounds that the criteria inside the four models appear at first to convey clashing messages. We need our associations to be versatile and adaptable, yet we additionally need them to be steady and controlled. The system has four quadrants: Inward Process Model: in view of progression, accentuation on estimation, documentation and data administration. These procedures bring solidness and control. Progressive systems appear to work best when the undertaking to be done is surely knew and when time is not an imperative factor. Open Systems Model: in view of a natural framework, accentuation on flexibility, preparation, development, asset securing and outside help. These procedures bring development and innovativeness. Individuals are not controlled but rather propelled. Reasonable Goal Model: in light of benefit, accentuation on balanced activity. It accept that arranging and objective setting comes about into profitability and effectiveness. Assignments are cleared up; goals are set and move is made. Human Relations Model: in view of union and resolve with accentuation on human asset and preparing. Individuals are seen not as secluded people, but rather as collaborating individuals from a typical social framework with a typical stake in what happens. While the models appear to be four completely alternate points of view or areas, they can be seen as firmly related and entwined. They are four sub domains of a bigger develop: authoritative and administrative adequacy. Thus with the help of CVF the leaders are able to handle the paradoxes. The leaders can bring changes to the issues with new transformations. I am the Legal manager of the XYZ Company dealing with insurance business. I look after the legal claims arising from the motor vehicles accident in the XYZ Company. I got an assignment to mitigate the loss of the company by bringing strong policy framework and reduce the number of claims. I have am talking about the doing an policy development of the company through inter-departmental cooperation. The task has been assigned to me i.e. the legal department and to my fellow colleague who is the Area Manager of Risk And Loss Mitigating Unit. We shall be responsible to complete the assignment and implement the policy framework within the company. I made an idea which if successfully implemented within the company will be best suited. The legal team and the RLM team both will frame certain policies which will make a check point for both the team performance that is to say that the legal team will frame policies that will have a check on the team performance of RLM and RLM team will frame policies to check the performance of the Legal Team. In this way, the objective of framing the policies will be served and help the company to mitigate more losses and give the company a good economic growth. The assignment will be performed by me and my fellow college in the department of Risk and Loss Mitigation Unit. Before starting the assignment we need to discuss the areas we should share regarding completion of the assignment. Therefore, we have a discussion with each other regarding the possibilities in completing the assignment successfully and areas in which we should work. The RLM unit is being specialized in investigating into the legal claims and gives report to the Legal unit to track the court proceedings associated with the claims. Therefore, I have an idea that the RLM should put more emphasis on the investigation and bringing out facts. There is a lack with the RLM unit to provide appropriate and completed report within the stipulated deadlines and the unit does not adhere to the regular deadlines at all. This led to the conflict with my colleague that the unit works harder and it should be the legal unit who should support them to investigate into the claims. The barrie r between us that obstruct both of us to resolve the conflict is our position in the company. I am the Zonal legal manger of the company and he being the National Head of the RLM Unit of the company working in two different verticals as well as two different levels of the organization. My ideas of tracking the investigation process and finding the loopholes in the investigation process hurts the professional ego of my fellow colleague and gave rise to the conflict between me and him. Moreover, the work pressure in our job roles is very high which is becoming an obstruction in resolving the conflict between us. We are not getting enough time to resolve the conflict in our ideas and go through the assignment. The only thing that I cannot understand throughout the conflict that if an department of the same organization comes up to help in developing other vertical of the organization what is the problem in it? The other vertical should have come forward and coordinate to achieve the goals set forth by the organization. After all we are all working towards the same goal that the organization has set forth. My fellow colleague should be more outward towards this small conflictions and clashes of interest and should think about the broader goals of the organization. My fellow colleague is egoistic and does not believe in the realistic and practical approaches to reach the goal. Coordination between the departments enhances the productive capacity of the organization wh ereas confliction creates separation. Therefore, I thought to make an investigation form my side into the claims and will put before the management to showcase the departmental lacking of the RLM in their process of work. Dear Colonel Williams, Meeting with you this morning was a pleasant and will be glad if we meet like this at regular intervals. The discussion which we started in our meeting regarding micronization was a successful and an informative one but one thing I must discuss with you is regarding the due date for implementing such. The due date which you have set for micronization process is very short and there is a possibility of failing the due dates. Moreover, if we ry to implement the process within this short period there might be various loopholes in the process and afterwards may not work properly as per the process. So this is my request to you to extend the due date for the implementation of the process so that enough time for decision making and other process related informations can be adhered and we can stick to our success. Whereas if we run fast to adhere the deadline set by you it may happen that we may miss various important aspects of the process which may lead ro unsuccessful implementation. I will be highly obliged t you if you grant y proposal and extend the due date by a week more so that we are able to check the suitability of the process in our organization. The theories of management are as follows: Scientific management School Classical Organizational Theory School Behavioral School Theory X Theory Y I found that scientific management theory as more effective than any other model of theory. The scientific management theory believes in the rule of the thumb and replaced the outdated theories of management. The scientific management theories advocates systematic training if the workers in an organization and believes it to be the best managerial practice. Moreover, this theory believes in sharing the workload evenly across the workers in the organization and division of labor should be such that each one is doing the task which is suitable for it (Barkema et al., 2015). The theory states that a complex task should be breakdown into various sub tasks so that the performance of the subtask can be optimized effectively and meet the deadlines. Moreover, the theory is interesting as it says to do through a task before attempting it and visualize the completion of the task. The task will be easier if you visualize each and every step of the task that is how it should be done and who shou ld do it. Thus, according to me scientific management theory is the effective way in the managerial functioning. Reference: Barkema, H. G., Chen, X. P., George, G., Luo, Y., Tsui, A. S. (2015). West meets East: New concepts and theories.Academy of Management Journal,58(2), 460-479. Johnson, B. (2014). Reflections: A perspective on paradox and its application to modern management.The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,50(2), 206-212.